Work-to-family conflict, family-to-work conflict and their relation to perceived parenting and the parent-child relationship before and during the first Covid-19 lockdown

Objective: Our objective is twofold: First, to examine whether, what extent and for whom (by sex educational attainment) work-to-family conflict (W?F-conflict) family-to-work (F?W-conflict) increased from the pre-Covid-19 period first lockdown period. Second, whether negative associations between W?F-conflict/F?W-conflict perceived parenting (positive encouragement, coercive parent-child relationship) became stronger.
 Background: During Covid-19 lockdown, parents were asked provide childcare home-schooling their children while also being expected fulfil work obligations. Under these circumstances, this study was set out how W?F-conflict/F?W-conflict, affected.
 Method: Multilevel regression models applied longitudinal data collected among 55 employed mothers 76 fathers with a 3-year-old child at wave 1.
 Results: We found that F?W-conflict/W?F-conflict most strongly highly educated mothers, followed by lower/medium fathers, no increase or even decrease observed fathers. some parenting, but did not consistently become stronger during wave. Although overall heightened levels of spill over mothers’ fathers’ our results showed clearly implications parenting.
 Conclusion: With noteworthy exceptions, increases in coincide decreases indicating let family affect parenting.